Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 55
Filter
1.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(2): 477-488, Mar-Abr. 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-232665

ABSTRACT

La dieta cetogénica constituyó desde su inicio un planteamiento sorprendente para el tratamiento de la epilepsia. Someter al organismo a un cambio en la obtención de energía, pasando de depender de los carbohidratos a hacerlo de las grasas, pone en marcha toda una serie de rutas bioquímicas que, de forma independiente pero también complementaria, dan lugar a un conjunto de efectos que benefician al paciente. Esta búsqueda de su mecanismo de acción, de idear cómo mejorar el cumplimiento y de aprovecharla para otras enfermedades ha marcado su trayectoria. En este artículo se revisan someramente estos aspectos, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de seguir realizando investigación básica y clínica para que este tratamiento pueda aplicarse con bases científicas sólidas.(AU)


The ketogenic diet was an amazing approach to treating epilepsy from its beginning. The body undergoes a change in obtaining energy, going from depending on carbohydrates to depending on fats, and then a whole series of biochemical routes are launched that, independently but also complementary, give rise to a set of effects that benefit the patient. This search for its mechanism of action, of devising how to improve compliance and take advantage of it for other diseases has marked its trajectory. This article briefl y reviews these aspects, emphasizing the importance of continuing to carry out basic and clinical research so that this treatment can be applied with solid scientific bases.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Diet, Ketogenic/methods , Steroid Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Epilepsy/therapy , Diet Therapy
2.
An. Fac. Med. (Perú) ; 84(4)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533586

ABSTRACT

Durante el ayuno, la oxidación de ácidos grasos y la formación de cuerpos cetónicos son necesarios para la producción de energía. La carnitina es esencial para que los ácidos grasos de cadena larga se transfieran a la mitocondria para la oxidación de ácidos grasos. La deficiencia primaria de carnitina es un defecto recesivo que se expresa con un espectro clínico amplio que incluye descompensación metabólica, hipoglicemia hipocetósica o cardiomiopatía en la niñez, fatigabilidad en la adultez o ausencia de síntomas. En nuestro país no hay publicaciones sobre el tema, por lo que en el presente artículo se reporta el caso de un niño que presentó una deficiencia de carnitina expresada como hipoglicemia hipocetósica y se analiza sus hallazgos clínicos, bioquímicos e histopatológicos.


During fasting, the oxidation of fatty acids and the formation of ketone bodies are necessary for energy production. Carnitine is essential for long-chain fatty acids to be transferred to the mitochondria for fatty acid oxidation. Primary carnitine deficiency is a recessive defect that is expressed with a broad clinical spectrum that includes metabolic decompensation, hypoketotic hypoglycemia or cardiomyopathy in childhood, fatiguability in adulthood or absence of symptoms. In our country there are no publications on the subject, so this article reports the case of a child who had carnitine deficiency expressed as hypoketotic hypoglycemia and its clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings are analyzed.

3.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 70(2): 98-106, 2023 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36870805

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Intermediate Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM) are a group of inherited diseases that include phenylketonuria (PKU), tyrosinemia II (TSII), organic acidaemias and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD), among others. They are increasingly more common in adults due to improved management. This has allowed more affected women to consider having children with good prospects. However, pregnancy may worsen metabolic control and/or increase maternal-fetal complications. The objective is to analyse the characteristics and outcomes of pregnancies of our patients with IEM. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study. Pregnancies of women with IEM attended to at the adult IEM referral unit of the Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío were included. The qualitative variables were described as n(%) and the quantitative as P50 (P25-P75). RESULTS: 24 pregnancies were recorded: 12 newborns were healthy, 1 inherited their mother's disease, 2 had maternal phenylketonuria syndrome, 1 was stillborn (gestational week 31 + 5), 5 were spontaneous abortions and 3 were voluntarily terminated. The gestations were divided into metabolically controlled and uncontrolled. CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy planning and multidisciplinary management through to postpartum is essential to ensure maternal and fetal health. The basis of treatment in PKU and TSII is a strict protein-limited diet. Events that increase protein catabolism in organic acidaemias and DOTC should be avoided. Further investigation of pregnancy outcomes in women with IEM is needed.


Subject(s)
Abortion, Spontaneous , Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Child , Pregnancy , Adult , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Female , Retrospective Studies , Metabolism, Inborn Errors/therapy , Pregnancy Outcome
4.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 96(1): 8-16, 2022 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34992005

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Inborn errors of metabolism are a highly heterogeneous group of orphan diseases. Diet therapy and enzyme and coenzyme replacement are the most frequently used treatment. There are few patients and published studies about inborn errors of metabolism. The main objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness of orphan drugs in inborn errors of metabolism in paediatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study of 24 months on patients diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism during childhood and who attended the pharmacy clinic or Day-Care Unit of a 630-bed general hospital. RESULTS: The study included 15 patients with a median age of 17.8 years and were treated with nine different drugs: sapropterin, sodium phenylbutyrate, miglustat, velaglucerase, sebelipase, idursulfase, 5-hydroxytryptophan, succinate, and riboflavin. Seven different inborn errors of metabolism were observed: phenylketonuria, defects of the urea cycle, Gaucher, Nieman-Pick, Hunter's disease, along with acid lipase deficiency, and mitochondrial diseases. Orphan drugs used for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism accounted for 1.3% of hospital drug costs. Some orphan drugs achieved asymptomatic patients, but others just produced a modest symptomatic improvement. Most patients showed good tolerance to the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Orphan drugs used in inborn errors of metabolism had an easy to manage toxicity profile, with many disparities in effectiveness. These drugs have a high economic impact. The cost-effectiveness ratio for orphan drugs is a controversial issue due to their high cost and the inconclusive clinical evidence.


Subject(s)
Metabolic Diseases , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Adolescent , Child , Humans , Metabolism, Inborn Errors/drug therapy , Orphan Drug Production , Rare Diseases/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies
5.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 96(1): 8-16, ene 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-202792

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los errores congénitos del metabolismo son un grupo muy heterogéneo de enfermedades raras. La mayoría se pueden tratar con dieta y sustitución enzimática. Existen pocos pacientes y pocos estudios publicados en estas enfermedades. Por ello, se ha llevado a cabo un estudio con el objetivo de evaluar la efectividad de los medicamentos huérfanos utilizados en errores congénitos del metabolismo de un hospital general de 630 camas. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo restrospectivo de 24 meses de duración en un hospital general de 630 camas. Se incluyeron los pacientes diagnosticados durante la infancia de errores congénitos del metabolismo y que acudieron a Hospital de Día o a la consulta de Farmacia.(AU)


Introduction: Inborn errors of metabolism are a highly heterogeneous group of orphan diseases. Diet therapy and enzyme and coenzyme replacement are the most frequently used treatment. There are few patients and published studies about inborn errors of metabolism. The main objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness of orphan drugs in inborn errors of metabolism in paediatric patients. Material and Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of 24 months on patients diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism during childhood and who attended the pharmacy clinic or Day-Care Unit of a 630-bed general hospital. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Pediatrics , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Orphan Drug Production
6.
Pediatr. catalan ; 81(4): 179-182, Oct-Dic. 2021. ilus
Article in Catalan | IBECS | ID: ibc-218257

ABSTRACT

Introducció: L’àcid valproic és un fàrmac antiepilèptic utilitzat àmpliament, tant per tractar l’epilèpsia com en patologia psiquiàtrica o migranya. Tot i que els seus efectessecundaris més freqüents són lleus i coneguts, determinatspacients poden presentar reaccions idiosincràtiques menysconegudes i potencialment greus. Cas clínic: Pacient de 10 anys amb antecedent d’epilèpsia,en el moment actual sense tractament. En el context denova crisi i administració d’àcid valproic, presenta un quadre d’instauració gradual caracteritzat per somnolència,vòmits i alteració conductual amb agressivitat verbal i física. Davant la sospita de reacció adversa farmacològica,se sol·liciten nivells plasmàtics de valproat (normals), nivells d’amoni (elevats) i funció hepàtica i renal (normals). L’electroencefalograma evidencia un alentiment generalitzat compatible amb encefalopatia. L’estudi metabòlic ensang i orina identifica alteracions compatibles amb un trastorn de la β-oxidació dels àcids grassos de cadena mitjana. L’estat clínic del pacient millora al cap de 48 hores del’ingrés amb la retirada del fàrmac, dieta absoluta ambseroterapia i administració de carnitina i àcid carglúmic. Comentaris: Per la seva simptomatologia inespecífica,l’encefalopatia per àcid valproic es pot confondre amb altres patologies, per la qual cosa és important tenir un elevat índex de sospita i fer estudis bioquímics complerts,tant per confirmar el diagnòstic com per excloure altresmalalties de base.(AU)


Introducción: El ácido valproico es un antiepiléptico muy empleadopara el tratamiento de distintas formas de epilepsia, además depara patología psiquiátrica o migraña. Aunque sus efectos adversos son en su mayoría leves y bien conocidos, algunos pacientespueden presentar reacciones idiosincráticas menos conocidas ypotencialmente graves. Caso clínico: Paciente de 10 años, con antecedentes de epilepsia,actualmente sin tratamiento. Tras una nueva crisis y en tratamiento con ácido valproico, presenta un cuadro de instauración radual con somnolencia, vómitos y alteración conductual conagresividad verbal y física. Ante la sospecha de una reacción farmacológica adversa, se solicitan niveles plasmáticos de valproato(normales), niveles de amonio (elevados) y función hepatorrenal(normal). El electroencefalograma evidencia un enlentecimientogeneralizado compatible con encefalopatía. El estudio metabólicoen sangre y orina identifica alteraciones compatibles con un defecto en la β-oxidación de los ácidos grasos de cadena media. Elestado clínico del paciente mejoró a las 48 horas del ingreso conla retirada del fármaco, dieta absoluta y sueroterapia, administración de carnitina endovenosa y ácido carglúmico.Comentarios: Por su sintomatología inespecífica, la encefalopatíapor ácido valproico puede confundirse con otras entidades, por loque es importante tener un alto índice de sospecha y realizar estudios bioquímicos completos tanto para la confirmación del diagnóstico como para excluir otras enfermedades de base.(AU)


Introduction: Valproic acid is an antiepileptic drug that is commonly used not only to treat epilepsy, but also for several psychiatric conditions and migraine. Most of its side effects are mild andwell known. However, some patients may present less knownidiosyncratic, potentially life-threatening side effects. Case report: A 10-year-old boy with history of epilepsy, currently offtreatment, presented with a new seizure. After treatment with valproic acid was initiated, the patient progressively developed altered consciousness with drowsiness, vomiting and physical andverbal aggressiveness. Valproate plasma levels and liver and renalfunction were withing normal limits, but ammonia levels were elevated. An electroencephalogram showed diffuse slow wave activity,suggestive of encephalopathy. Metabolic studies, in blood andurine, identified alterations on β-oxidation of medium chain fattyacid pathways. The patient’s clinical condition improved within 48hours after discontinuation of valproic acid, fasting, and administration of intravenous fluids, carglumic acid and carnitine. Comments: Because of its unspecific symptoms, hyperammonemicencephalopathy induced by valproate can be confused with otherillnesses. For this reason, it is important to have a high level ofsuspicion and perform a comprehensive laboratory evaluation toconfirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Valproic Acid , Hyperammonemia , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Epilepsy , Inpatients , Physical Examination , Pediatrics , Brain Diseases , Child Health
7.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 119(1): e41-e44, feb. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1147256

ABSTRACT

La terapia de reemplazo enzimático disminuye la morbilidad y mejora la calidad de vida de los pacientes con mucopolisacaridosisii. Se han descrito reacciones de hipersensibilidad inmediata a este fármaco. La desensibilización es un tratamiento que induce la tolerancia temporaria a una droga y permite al paciente alérgico recibir la medicación.Se presenta el caso de un niño de 7 años con diagnóstico de síndrome de Hunter que, luego de 4 años de tratamiento con idursulfase, tuvo dos episodios de anafilaxia durante la infusión del fármaco. Se detectó inmunoglubulina E específica mediante pruebas cutáneas, y fue positiva la intradermorreacción con dilución 1/10 (0,2 mg/ml). Se realizó un protocolo de desensibilización de 12 pasos, sin presentar eventos adversos. La evaluación alergológica y la posibilidad de desensibilización constituyeron herramientas útiles en el manejo de nuestro paciente


Enzyme replacement therapy with idursulfase decreases morbidity and improves quality of life of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis ii. Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to this drug have been described. Desensitization is a treatment that induces temporary tolerance to a culprit drug, allowing the allergic patient to receive the medication.We present the case of a 7-year-old patient diagnosed with Hunter syndrome who presented, after 4 years of treatment, two episodes of anaphylaxis during the infusion of idursulfase. Detection of specific immunoglobulin E was carried out using skin tests, with intradermal reaction at a 1/10 dilution (0.2 mg/ml) being positive. A 12-step desensitization protocol was performed without presenting adverse events.The allergological evaluation and the possibility of desensitization were useful tools in the management of our patient.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Desensitization, Immunologic/methods , Enzyme Replacement Therapy , Mucopolysaccharidosis II/drug therapy , Hypersensitivity, Immediate , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
8.
Rev. enferm. UERJ ; 28: e54407, jan.-dez. 2020.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1146478

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: investigar o conhecimento e práticas da equipe de enfermagem em relação ao cuidado à criança com Doença de Pompe em terapia intensiva. Método: trata-se de um estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada com entrevista semiestruturada com enfermeiras e técnicas em enfermagem que atuavam na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de um hospital do Rio Grande do Sul, após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: as profissionais enfatizaram experiências que superam procedimentos técnicos, na busca de fornecer um cuidado integral qualificado e seguro, para proporcionar vivências mais próximas de um lar para a criança e familiares. Conclusão: a equipe de enfermagem possui conhecimentos para o cuidado e atua de forma multiprofissional. Conclui-se que estudos relacionados às doenças raras oferecem subsídios para qualificar o cuidado de enfermagem.


Objective: to investigate nursing team knowledge and practices regarding care for children with Pompe disease in intensive care. Method: in this qualitative, descriptive study, data were collected by semi-structured interviews of nurses and nursing technicians working in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, after ethics committee approval. Data were subjected to content analysis. Result: the nurses emphasized experiences that go beyond technical procedures, in the endeavor to provide safe and qualified comprehensive care in order to provide experiences closer to a home for the children and their families. Conclusion: the nursing team was knowledgeable about care and worked in multidisciplinary manner. It was concluded that studies relating to rare disease offer input to inform nursing care.


Objetivo: investigar el conocimiento y las prácticas del equipo de enfermería sobre el cuidado de niños con enfermedad de Pompe en cuidados intensivos. Método: en este estudio cualitativo descriptivo, los datos fueron recolectados mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a enfermeras y técnicos de enfermería que laboran en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de un hospital de Rio Grande do Sul, previa aprobación del comité de ética. Los datos se sometieron a análisis de contenido. Resultado: las enfermeras destacaron experiencias que van más allá de los procedimientos técnicos, en el afán de brindar una atención integral segura y calificada con el fin de brindar experiencias más cercanas a un hogar para los niños y sus familias. Conclusión: el equipo de enfermería tenía conocimiento del cuidado y trabajaba de manera multidisciplinar. Se concluyó que los estudios relacionados con las enfermedades raras ofrecen información para informar la atención de enfermería.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Glycogen Storage Disease Type II/nursing , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Clinical Competence , Nursing Care , Nursing, Team , Brazil , Rare Diseases/nursing , Qualitative Research , Licensed Practical Nurses , Nurses
9.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 2020 Nov 03.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33158793

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Inborn errors of metabolism are a highly heterogeneous group of orphan diseases. Diet therapy and enzyme and coenzyme replacement are the most frequently used treatment. There are few patients and published studies about inborn errors of metabolism. The main objective of this study was to describe the effectiveness of orphan drugs in inborn errors of metabolism in paediatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study of 24 months on patients diagnosed with inborn errors of metabolism during childhood and who attended the pharmacy clinic or Day-Care Unit of a 630-bed general hospital. RESULTS: The study included 15 patients with a median age of 17.8 years and were treated with nine different drugs: sapropterin, sodium phenylbutyrate, miglustat, velaglucerase, sebelipase, idursulfase, 5-hydroxytryptophan, succinate, and riboflavin. Nine different inborn errors of metabolism were observed: phenylketonuria, defects of the urea cycle, Gaucher, Nieman-Pick, Hunter's disease, along with acid lipase deficiency, and mitochondrial diseases. Orphan drugs used for the treatment of inborn errors of metabolism accounted for 1.3% of hospital drug costs. Some orphan drugs achieved asymptomatic patients, but others just produced a modest symptomatic improvement. Most patients showed good tolerance to the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Orphan drugs used in inborn errors of metabolism had an easy to manage toxicity profile, with many disparities in effectiveness. These drugs have a high economic impact. The cost-effectiveness ratio for orphan drugs is a controversial issue due to their high cost and the inconclusive clinical evidence.

10.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(5): 801-807, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138617

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT As palatability of medical formulas has been documented as unpleasant, new options are required to improve acceptance and adherence in people with inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Miracle fruit (Synsepalum dulcificum) has a glycoprotein named miraculin that transforms a sour, bitter taste such as the one found in metabolic formula, into a sweet perception. The objective of this work is to analyze the response in the taste perception of metabolic formula with the use of the miraculin tablets in patients with IEM and healthy adults. To test this hypothesis a prospective, longitudinal, quasi-experimental, analytical study was performed. Patients with IEM and healthy adults were recruited. All participants assessed 3 different liquids (lemon, apple cider vinegar and metabolic formula) before and after the administration of miraculin tablets and completed a questionnaire. The sensory responses were evaluated using hedonic scales, analyzed with nonparametric tests for paired data. Seven patients with IEM and 14 healthy subjects were included. After miraculin intake 57% of patients (Z ≤ -1.89 p= 0.059) and healthy adults (Z≤ -2.31 p= 0.021) had a positive change in their taste perception. The absolute frequency of patients who did not like the metabolic formula decreased from 4 to 1, and in patients who liked it or loved, it increased from 0 to 2 and from 0 to 1 respectively; the frequency of patients who perceived the metabolic formula as indifferent or hated it, did not change. Response in taste perception had a positive change of 57% in both groups. The use of miraculin tablets may improve palatability of metabolic formula.


RESUMEN La palatabilidad de las fórmulas médicas se ha reportado como desagradable, se requieren nuevas opciones para mejorar la aceptación en personas con errores innatos del metabolismo (EIM). La fruta milagrosa (Synsepalum dulcificum) contiene una glucoproteína llamada miraculina que transforma el sabor agrio y amargo en dulce. El objetivo fue analizar la respuesta en la percepción del sabor de la fórmula metabólica con el uso de las tabletas de miraculina en pacientes con EIM y adultos sanos. Se realizó un estudio analítico prospectivo, longitudinal, cuasi-experimental. Los participantes evaluaron la percepción de 3 líquidos (limón, vinagre de manzana y fórmula metabólica) antes y después de la administración de tabletas de miraculina y completaron un cuestionario. Las respuestas sensoriales se evaluaron mediante escalas hedónicas, analizadas con pruebas no paramétricas para datos pareados. Se incluyeron 7 pacientes con EIM y 14 adultos sanos. Después de la miraculina el 57% de los pacientes (Z ≤ -1,89 p= 0,059) y adultos sanos (Z≤ -2,31 p= 0,021) tuvieron un cambio positivo en su percepción del sabor. La frecuencia absoluta de pacientes a los que no les gustó la fórmula disminuyó de 4 a 1, y en quienes les gustó o les encantó, aumentó de 0 a 2 y de 0 a 1 respectivamente; la frecuencia de los pacientes que percibieron la fórmula como indiferente u odiada, no cambió. La respuesta en la percepción del sabor cambió positivamente en el 57% en ambos grupos. El uso de miraculina puede mejorar la palatabilidad de la fórmula metabólica.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Biotransformation , Synsepalum , Taste Perception , Fruit , Amino Acids , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
11.
Acta méd. peru ; 37(1): 78-83, ene.-mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1141976

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El tamizaje neonatal de los errores innatos del metabolismo se instauró hace más de 50 años en el mundo. En Latinoamérica, Uruguay, Costa Rica, Chile, Brasil y Colombia han implementado esta política de salud pública de manera sostenida. La tecnología para detectar estas enfermedades ha ido progresando con un mejor costo/efectividad, haciendo que sea de acceso casi universal. Los trastornos del metabolismo intracelular de la cobalamina es un grupo heterogéneo clasificados en tres fenotipos bioquímicos. Reportamos al primer paciente en Perú con diagnóstico tardío de una variante homocigota c.394 C>T en el gen MMACHC, el cual pertenece al grupo de complementación cblC el cual produce aciduria metilmalónica y homocistinuria, caracterizado por talla baja, hipotonía, retraso del desarrollo psicomotor, convulsiones, anemia megaloblástica, trombocitopenia y neutropenia ondulantes; con homocisteína elevada, acidemia metilmalónica, y contradictoriamente aumento de vitamina B12 en sangre. Es importante el diagnóstico oportuno de enfermedades potencialmente tratables, evitando o disminuyendo la severidad del fenotipo, a través de la implementación de nuevas tecnologías en nuestro país.


ABSTRACT Neonatal screening for innate metabolism disorders was instituted more than 50 years ago. In Latin America, countries like Uruguay, Costa Rica, Chile, Brazil, and Colombia have implemented this public health measurement in a sustained fashion. Technology for detecting these conditions has been steadily progressing, achieving a good cost/effectiveness ratio, so access for such test is practically universal. Intracellular cobalamin metabolism disorders constitute a heterogeneous group that is subdivided in three biochemical phenotypes. We report the first patient in Peru with a late diagnosis of a homozygous c.394 C>T variant in the MMACHC gene, which belongs to the cbIC complementation group, which leads to methyl-malonic aciduria and homocystinuria, characterized by low height, retardation of psychomotor development, seizures, megaloblastic anemia, and variable thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Also, homocysteine levels are high, there is methyl-malonic academia, and there is a paradoxical vitamin B12 increase in peripheral blood. This paper emphasizes the importance of making a timely diagnosis of potentially treatable conditions, avoiding or reducing the severity of the implied phenotype, with the implementation of new technologies in our country.

12.
Rev. MED ; 27(2): 21-33, jul.-dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115226

ABSTRACT

Resumen: El tamizaje neonatal expandido permite la detección temprana de diversos errores innatos del metabolismo. En Colombia, las condiciones para llevar adelante un programa nacional de alto impacto en salud pública están dadas. A través de una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre el tema en diferentes países, se realizó una disertación sobre la implementación de un programa nacional de tamizaje neonatal. Esto con el fin de plantear una propuesta de tamizaje neonatal expandido por espectrometría de masas en tándem en Colombia, completo, conciso, detallado y acorde con la legislación colombiana, las necesidades y las características de la población. Implementar un programa nacional de este tipo supone un gran impacto en la salud pública y debe ser liderado por el Estado, con la participación y apoyo de profesionales de salud, academia, asociaciones de pacientes e industria farmacéutica.


Abstract: Expanded neonatal screening allows early detection of various inborn errors of metabolism. In Colombia, the conditions to carry out a national program with a high impact on public health are in place. Through a review of the international literature on the subject, this reflection on the implementation of a national neonatal screening program brings forward a complete, concise, detailed proposal for tandem mass spectrometry-expanded neonatal screening in Colombia that conforms to the legislation and the needs and characteristics of the population. Implementing such a national program has a great impact on public health and must be led by the State, with the participation and support of health professionals, academia, patient associations, and the pharmaceutical industry.


Resumo: A triagem neonatal ampliada permite que vários erros inatos do metabolismo sejam identificados precocemente. Na Colômbia, as condições para a realização de um programa nacional com alto impacto na saúde pública estão disponíveis. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o assunto em diferentes países, foi realizada uma dissertação sobre a implementação de um programa nacional de triagem neonatal. A fim de apresentar uma proposta de triagem neonatal ampliada por espectrometria de massas em tandem na Colômbia, completa, concisa, detalhada e de acordo com a legislação colombiana, as necessidades e as características da população. A implementação de um programa nacional desse tipo tem um grande impacto na saúde pública e deve ser liderada pelo Estado, com a participação e o apoio de profissionais da saúde, da academia, das associações de pacientes e da indústria farmacêutica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Neonatal Screening , Public Health , Genetic Diseases, Inborn , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
13.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 35(3)set. 2019.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1533480

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los errores innatos del metabolismo (EIM) son un grupo de enfermedades de origen genético, que entre el 40 % y el 60 % pueden manifestar crisis convulsivas. OBJETIVO: En este estudio se establecieron las características clínicas y electroencefalográficas en una muestra de 20 niños con diagnóstico de EIM y epilepsia. MATERIALES Y METODOS: La metodología utilizada fue un estudio descriptivo de series de casos retrospectivo. RESULTADOS: El 65 % de los pacientes de la muestra eran niños, el EIM de moléculas pequeñas fue el más frecuente (70 %). En cuanto a las variables clínicas, 90 % tenían encefalopatía, 75 % epilepsia refractaria y 55 °% crisis generalizadas. En electroencefalografía (EEG), 90 % de los pacientes tenían ritmo de fondo anormal, 80 % grafoelementos del sueño mal estructurados, 36 % de los afectados por EIM de moléculas pequeñas tenían patrón EEG multifocal y 100 % de los pacientes con déficit de producción de energía tuvieron patrón EEG focal. CONCLUSION: El tipo de EIM más frecuente en el estudio fue de moléculas pequeñas, con grados variables de encefalopatía y epilepsia refractaria. La anormalidad electroencefalográfica más frecuente fue el ritmo de fondo anormal debido a grafoelementos de sueño mal estructurados, en tanto que el patrón eléctrico fue dependiente de la edad y el tipo de EIM.


SUMMARY INTRODUCTION: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are a group of diseases of genetic origin and they may manifest with seizures at some point of their evolution such as 40 to 60 percent of cases. SUBJECT: In this study, the clinical and electroencephalographic characteristics were established in a sample of 20 children diagnosed with IEM and epilepsy. METHODS: The methodology was a descriptive way of retrospective case series. RESULTS: The group was constituted 65 % by males. The EIM of small molecules was the most frequent (70 %). Regarding the clinical variables, 90 % had encephalopathy, 75 % refractory epilepsy and 55 % generalized epilepsy. About the electroencephalographic facts, 90 % had an abnormal basal activity, 80 % poorly structured sleep elements. The most frequent electroencephalographic pattern in small molecules disease's patients was multifocal (36 %) but in deficit of energy production's patients was focal (100 %). CONCLUSION: The type of IEM that predominated in this study was small molecules, with varying degrees of encephalopathy and refractory epilepsy. The most frequent electroencephalographic variable was abnormal background rhythm, with poorly structured sleep graphoelements. The electroencephalographic pattern depends on the age and type of IEM.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Neurologic Manifestations , Brain Diseases , Hyperglycinemia, Nonketotic , Electroencephalography
14.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 117(4): 267-270, ago. 2019. tab
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1054935

ABSTRACT

La deficiencia de glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa es la enzimopatía eritrocitaria causada por mutaciones en el gen G6PD, cuya herencia está ligada al cromosoma X. Se analizan las características clínicas y de laboratorio de 24 individuos con deficiencia de G6PD durante 25 años. La edad mediana al momento del diagnóstico fue 10,2 años (rango: 0,6-56,4). El 54,2 % de los pacientes fueron asintomáticos, mientras que el 25 % presentó anemia hemolítica crónica no esferocítica; el 12,5 %, ictericia neonatal y anemia hemolítica posinfecciones, y el 8,3 %, anemia hemolítica aguda pos ingesta de habas. Los 24 pacientes estudiados presentaron variantes descritas previamente en la literatura. Las características clínicas observadas estuvieron acordes con las variantes encontradas. Veintiuna mujeres, pertenecientes a la rama materna de los individuos afectados, pudieron ser identificadas por biología molecular como portadoras de la deficiencia, por lo que recibieron el consejo genético correspondiente.


Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is an erythrocyte enzyme disorder caused by mutations in the G6PD gene, which has an X-linked inheritance. Here we analyze the clinical and laboratory characteristics of 24 subjects with G6PD deficiency over 25 years. Their median age at diagnosis was 10.2 years (range: 0.6-56.4). No symptoms were observed in 54.2 % of patients, whereas 25 % had chronic non-spherocytic hemolytic anemia; 12.5 %, neonatal jaundice and postinfectious hemolytic anemia; and 8.3 %, acute hemolytic anemia after ingestion of fava beans. The 24 studied patients had variants that had been previously described in the bibliography. The clinical characteristics observed here were consistent with the variants found. A total of 21 women from the maternal line of affected subjects were identified as deficiency carriers using molecular biology techniques, so they received the corresponding genetic counseling.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Diagnosis , Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency , Metabolism, Inborn Errors , Molecular Biology
15.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 90(1): 42-50, 2019 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29853433

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Rare diseases are a challenge for public health due to the lack of information on their magnitude. These include inborn errors of metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of life and social, health, economic, and educational needs of a group of paediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism attended to in a hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A questionnaire was developed based on the needs and expectations, based mainly on the Andalusian Plan for Rare Diseases. An analysis was performed on the variables of health, socioeconomic, and educational needs of 65 paediatric patients with inborn errors of metabolism. RESULTS: The respondents showed few possibilities to cope with medication (61%), special diet (86%), and other health benefits (79%). Just under half of them (43%) believed that the quality of family life had been greatly reduced since the onset of the disease. The main caregiver was the mother in 61.5% of cases, compared to 1.5% of cases in which it was the father. The primary caregivers had to reduce their working hours or give up their job in 77% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: The multidisciplinary treatment is affected by the inability of families to cope with a high cost, as well as with difficult access to these resources. In addition, there is great impact on the quality of life of patients, and their caregivers. Therefore, there is a need to evaluate the results of government health and socio-economic support plans for patients with rare diseases, and make a real response to their needs.


Subject(s)
Caregivers , Family Health , Metabolic Diseases , Needs Assessment , Quality of Life , Rare Diseases , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health Education , Humans , Qualitative Research , Self Report , Socioeconomic Factors , Tertiary Care Centers
16.
Medisur ; 16(4): 579-587, jul.-ago. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-955092

ABSTRACT

Diversas enfermedades que constituyen problemas para la salud humana a nivel mundial, son el resultado de fallos en la homeostasis del cobre en la célula. El mecanismo de transporte del cobre no está completamente dilucidado; de ahí la necesidad de continuar profundizando en este tema. La presente revisión bibliográfica, sustentada en el análisis de 40 artículos científicos, describe los procesos de captación, distribución y eliminación del cobre en la célula; se refiere además a las enfermedades relacionadas con alteraciones en el metabolismo de dicho elemento y a su tratamiento, tales como, la enfermedad de Menkes y la de Wilson; y por último, a los estudios moleculares realizados en pacientes cubanos. Se concluye que el trabajo aporta información relevante que contribuye a la actualización y preparación del personal médico, respecto a estas afecciones a nivel molecular, celular y de organismo.


Several diseases which constitute a health problem for humans worldwide result from failure of copper cellular homeostasis. The mechanism of copper transportation in not completely defined therefore it is necessary to continue deepening on the topic. The present bibliographical review, based on the analysis of 40 scientific articles, describes the processes of copper catchment, distribution and elimination of copper in the cell; it refers, in addition to the diseases related to the metabolic disturbances of this element and its treatment, such as Menkes and Wilson diseases and lastly the molecular studies performed in Cuban patients. It is concluded that this work offers a significant information which contribute to the updating and preparation of the medical personnel regarding these illnesses at the molecular, cellular levels so as in the organism.

17.
Salud pública Méx ; 59(4): 423-428, Jul.-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903779

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Objective: Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are genetic conditions that are sometimes associated with intellectual developmental disorders (IDD). The aim of this study is to contribute to the metabolic characterization of IDD of unknown etiology in Mexico. Materials and methods: Metabolic screening using tandem mass spectrometry and fluorometry will be performed to rule out IEM. In addition, target metabolomic analysis will be done to characterize the metabolomic profile of patients with IDD. Conclusion: Identification of new metabolomic profiles associated with IDD of unknown etiology and comorbidities will contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic schemes for the prevention and treatment of IDD in Mexico.


Resumen: Objetivo: Los errores innatos del metabolismo (EIM) son condiciones genéticas que pueden asociarse con trastornos del desarrollo intelectual (TDI). El objetivo de este estudio es contribuir a la caracterización metabólica de los pacientes con TDI de etiología desconocida. Material y métodos: Se realizará un tamiz metabólico mediante espectrometría de masas-tándem y fluorometría para descartar EIM; además, se analizará el perfil metabolómico de los pacientes con TDI. Conclusión: La identificación de perfiles metabolómicos asociados con los TDI de etiología desconocida contribuirá al desarrollo de nuevos esquemas diagnósticos y terapéuticos para la prevención y tratamiento de los TDI en México.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Metabolomics/methods , Intellectual Disability/etiology , Intellectual Disability/epidemiology , Metabolism, Inborn Errors/diagnosis , Mass Screening , Health Surveys , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Fragile X Syndrome/diagnosis , Fragile X Syndrome/epidemiology , Mexico/epidemiology
18.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 46(2): 93-98, agosto-septiembre 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-848341

ABSTRACT

Resumen La mayoría de los Errores Innatos del Metabolismo (EIM) no tienen un tratamiento efectivo. Las terapias tradicionales tratan de reducir los sustratos, reemplazar el producto no formado, que puede ser esencial y suplementar con cofactores. También se emplea la activación de vías alternativas para la eliminación de productos intermedios tóxicos, como en el caso de los defectos del ciclo de la urea y para algunas condiciones, se dispone de la terapia de reemplazo enzimático (TRE), del trasplante de células hematopoyéticas y del trasplante hepático. En los últimos años se han desarrollado nuevas estrategias e caces para tratar estas enfermedades. Con esta revisión, se busca explicar de forma sencilla las distintas opciones terapéuticas más recientes, y en algunos casos, tratamientos prometedores para ciertos errores innatos de metabolismo (EIM). En concreto se hará referencia en primer lugar al uso terapéutico de pequeñas moléculas activas, que han surgido en las últimas dos décadas como un enfoque promisorio para el tratamiento de este heterogéneo grupo de trastornos, que incluyen terapia para restauración de la lectura, chaperonas farmacológicas, reguladores de la proteostasis, inhibidores de sustrato e inductores de autofagia. Estas pequeñas moléculas actúan en diferentes niveles celulares, y el conocimiento de los distintos procesos proporciona nuevas herramientas para establecer un tratamiento innovador.


Abstract Most Inborn Errors of Metabolism diseases do not have an effective treatment. Traditional therapies try to reduce substrates, replace non-formed product, which may be essential and supplement with cofactors. Activation of alternative routes for the disposal of toxic intermediates is also employed, as in the case of urea cycle defects for some conditions, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and liver transplantation are available. In recent years new effective strategies have been developed to treat these diseases. This review seeks to explain in a simple way the different therapeutic options and, in some cases, promising treatments for certain inborn errors of metabolism (IEM). Specifically, reference will be made first to the therapeutic use of small active molecules, which have emerged in the last two decades as a promising approach for the treatment of this heterogeneous group of disorders, including: read-through therapy, pharmacological chaperones, protease inhibitors, substrate inhibitors and autophagy inducers. These small molecules act on different cellular levels, and the knowledge of the different processes provides new tools to establish an innovative treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
19.
Iatreia ; 30(2): 199-207, abr.-jun. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-892656

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN El enfoque de los errores innatos del metabolismo (EIM) constituye un desafío para cualquier especialidad médica y es un área en rápido desarrollo; a medida que se amplía la información científica, se fortalece el estudio de las enfermedades metabólicas y crecen la necesidad y el interés de hacer diagnósticos certeros y oportunos, de manera que sea posible comenzar el tratamiento apropiado lo más pronto posible. Es preciso usar un enfoque sistemático y ordenado que incluya todas las entidades clínicamente parecidas, desde las más frecuentes hasta las más raras, usando racionalmente los estudios más especializados y complejos, que, en general, son menos accesibles para el paciente. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con historia de noxa perinatal y alteraciones neurológicas cuyo curso clínico no progresó. Se resalta la importancia de un proceso diagnóstico sistemático que le dé prioridad al cuadro clínico.


SUMMARY The approach to inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) is a challenge for any medical specialty. This is a rapidly developing area. As scientific information expands, the study of metabolic diseases strengthens, and increases the need and interest in confirming or discarding such errors, in order to offer patients prompt and appropriate therapeutic alternatives. To achieve this, it is necessary to use a rational and orderly clinical approach that takes into account the possibility of an IEM, as well as other diseases resembling them. Also to rationalize the use of more specialized, and complex diagnostic aids, that generally are less accessible to the patient. We report the case of a patient with a history of perinatal noxa, and neurological disorders, whose clinical course did not progress. The importance of a systematic diagnostic process, based mainly on the clinical picture, is emphasized.


RESUMO A focagem dos erros inatos do metabolismo (EIM) constitui um desafio para qualquer especialidade médica e é uma área em rápido desenvolvimento; na medida que amplia-se a informação científica, fortalece-se o estudo das doenças metabólicas e crescem a necessidade e o interesse de fazer diagnósticos certeiros e oportunos, de maneira que seja possível começar o tratamento apropriado o mais rápido possível. É preciso usar uma focagem sistemática e ordenada que inclua todas as entidades clinicamente parecidas, desde as mais frequentes até as mais raras, usando racionalmente os estudos mais especializados e complexos, que, em geral, são menos acessíveis para o paciente. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente com história de noxa perinatal e alterações neurológicas cujo curso clínico não avançou. Ressalta-se a importância de um processo diagnóstico sistemático que de prioridade ao quadro clínico.


Subject(s)
Female , Infant , Metabolic Diseases , Metabolism, Inborn Errors
20.
Rev. salud pública ; 19(1): 32-38, ene.-feb. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-903067

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Explorar la presencia de patología genética sindrómica en el Departamento de Boyacá, mediante un acercamiento de medicina genética comunitaria. Materiales y Métodos Un grupo conformado por genetistas, neurólogo pediátrico y genetista bioquímico, llevó a cabo jornadas clínicas en las cuales se evaluaron pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad genética. Se obtuvieron datos demográficos, epidemiológicos y clínicos y se realizó el cálculo de frecuencias de los mismos. En los centros de referencia visitados se realizaron actividades de capacitación al personal médico. Resultados Se encontraron dos agrupamientos genéticos: MPSIII y Síndrome de Ellis Van Creveld, con incidencias mayores a lo reportado en la literatura, además una alta frecuencia de patologías de herencia autosómica recesiva, así como sospecha de síndromes de microdeleción-microduplicación. Conclusiones Se deben establecer mecanismos no convencionales de atención médica para facilitar el acceso a las comunidades a un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados en genética. Se espera que el apoyo brindado a los pacientes, familias y personal asistencial de los hospitales a través de las jornadas clínicas y la capacitación, permitan alcanzar este objetivo y a la vez sea un punto de inicio de procesos de prevención primaria y secundaria.(AU)


ABSTRACT Objectives To explore the incidence of syndromic genetic pathologies in Boyacá, Colombia, through a community genetics approach. Materials and Methods A group made up by different medical specialists (geneticists, a pediatric neurologist, and a biochemical geneticist) developed clinical campaigns, in which patients with clinical suspicion of genetic diseases were involved. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical data were collected, and frequency calculations were made based on the collected data. Several training workshops for health personnel were done in each center visited. Results Two genetic clusters were found: mucopolysaccharidosis type III, and Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome, both of them with higher incidences than those found in the literature. Also, a high frequency of autosomal recessive diseases was found, as well as microdeletion/microduplication syndromes. Conclusions Conventional mechanisms of medical attention must be established, in order to facilitate the access to an appropriate diagnosis and treatment. This work intended to provide support to patients, families and health care services personnel through the workshops and clinical campaigns, and to become a starting point to develop primary and secondary prevention processes.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome/pathology , Chromosome Aberrations , Mucopolysaccharidosis III/pathology , Metabolism, Inborn Errors/pathology , Health Surveys , Statistical Data , Colombia/epidemiology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...